in, if it involves, recognize, entitlement, involving

[GoldfishLord]

There is a tendency, once the dust of an emergency has settled down, to seek the reduction of famine vulnerability primarily in enhanced economic growth, or the revival of the rural economy, or the diversification of economic activities. The potential contribution of greater prosperity, if it involves vulnerable groups, cannot be denied. At the same time, it is important to recognize that, no matter how fast they grow, countries where a large part of the population derive their livelihood from uncertain sources cannot hope to avert famines without specialized entitlement protection mechanisms involving direct public intervention. Rapid growth of the economy in Botswana, or of the agricultural sector in Kenya, or of food production in Zimbabwe, explain at best only a small part of their success in averting recurrent threats of famine. The real achievements of these countries (as well as of Cape Verde) lie in having provided direct public support to their populations in times of crisis.

Source: Experiences and Lessons | Hunger and Public Action | Oxford Academic

1. Does "in" mean "while"?
2. Does "if" mean "even if"?
3. What does "it" refer to?
4. Does "involves" mean "to include"?
5. Does "entitlement" mean "a government system that provides financial support to a particular group of people"?
6. Does "involving" mean "including"?

 

[SoothingDave]

1. No. If anything, it means "through" or "by means of."

2. No. It's particularly saying that "vulnerable groups" need to be included. A government can't point to economic growth as a solution to famine if they exclude certain "vulnerable groups."

3. Greater prosperity.

4. Yes, basically

5. Yes. Government giving money and/or resources away.

6. No.

 

[GoldfishLord]

Does "if it involves" mean "whether greater prosperity affects"?