Phonetics

[apiz]

Hi! I need a little help here in Phonetics.

I want to determine which symbol to use when we want to pronounce a word in past form for Regular Verb case.

In what case must we use /t/ and in what case must we use /d/?

For example:

Walk (Root word) we change it into Past form and it is going to be "Walked."
How to determine the sound of "-ed" there?

/wɔ:kd/ or /wɔ:kt/???

Do we have a formula here how to determine the sound of "-ed" in English words?

 

[emsr2d2]

Hi! I need a little help here in Phonetics.

I want to determine which symbol to use when we want to pronounce a word in past form for Regular Verb case.

In what case must we use /t/ and in what case must we use /d/?

For example:

Walk (Root word) we change it into Past form and it is going to be "Walked."
How to determine the sound of "-ed" there?

/wɔ:kd/ or /wɔ:kt/???

Do we have a formula here how to determine the sound of "-ed" in English words?

Yes. If the final sound before -ed is voiced, then the ending is pronounced "d", if the final sound is unvoiced, then it's "t".

Walked, therefore, is said as per your second phonetic description (sorry, I can't type phonetics on here!). "K" is an unvoiced consonant.

 

[apiz]

Do you have any recommended websites for a quick guide on Voiced and Unvoiced Consonant? I haven't found one.

One more question.
How to determine "-ed" form for words such as "Pretend, Want, Calculate" and so on.
Which form do these words take? /t/ or /d/?