Didn't catch (the) your country/name.

[Ashraful Haque]

I've heard 'didn't catch' being used this way in several occasions. I have three questions.

1) Is it only said when someone has already said something and you didn't/couldn't hear them? Or do we also say it when someone's name/address/country has slipped our mind?
2) Do we use for everything like names, address, phone number, religion, etc?
3) Do we also say 'didn't catch the name, address etc'? (I'm guessing it's a bit informal.)

 

[Skrej]

You can use it when you actually didn't hear it, or sometimes as a slightly aggressive, rude, or sarcastic way of suggesting they tell you the information (like here).
I suppose you could use it for just about any kind of information. We don't however use it for forgotten information.

If it's a 3rd person reference, then you could use 'the', yes. It wouldn't work for 2nd person.